Ethnobotanical survey of plant species for herbal tea in a Yao autonomous county (Jianghua, China): results of a 2-year study of traditional medicinal markets on the Dragon Boat Festival

Jin, Bing; Liu, Yujing; Xie, Jiaxi; Luo, Binsheng; Long, Chunlin

doi:10.1186/s13002-018-0257-0

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

Table 1 Medicinal plants used for herbal tea in the traditional medicinal market of Jianghua County on Dragon Boat Festival

From: Ethnobotanical survey of plant species for herbal tea in a Yao autonomous county (Jianghua, China): results of a 2-year study of traditional medicinal markets on the Dragon Boat Festival

Family name	Scientific name	Chinese name	Yao name	Medicinal use	Part(s) used	Habitat	Originality	Conservation status	Use value	Frequency	Voucher number
Acanthaceae	Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees	穿心莲	Chuan fin lian	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) P268	NE	1.10	16	JH-141
Aceraceae	Acer mono Maxim.	色木槭	Se diang qie	Rheumatism	Stem, leaf	Tree	–	NE	0.87	12	JH-021
Acoraceae	Acorus tatarinowii Schott	石菖蒲	Lao bie chang pu	Cold	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) P91	NE	0.87	65	JH-202
Adoxaceae	Viburnum odoratissimum Ker-Gawl.	珊瑚树	Shan hu dang	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	0.85	39	JH-035
Amaranthaceae	Achyranthes aspera L.	土牛膝	Tu ong che bo	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, nourishing, relieve pain	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.51	45	JH-267
Amaranthaceae	Achyranthes bidentata Blume	牛膝	Ong che bo	Nourishing	Root	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p72	NE	0.85	56	JH-050
Angiopteridaceae	Angiopteris fokiensis Hieron.	福建观音座莲	Fu jian guan yin zuo lian	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, relieve pain	Rhizome	Fern	–	NE	1.25	18	JH-222
Annonaceae	Fissistigma polyanthum (Hook. f. et Thoms.) Merr.	黑风藤	Ji jia mei	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Shrub	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p593	NE	0.84	40	JH-298
Apocynaceae	Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitagawa	徐长卿	Xu chang qing	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, relieve cough	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p285	NE	1.25	64	JH-278
Apocynaceae	Dischidia australis Tsiang et P. T. Li	尖叶眼树莲	Lai nong mu jin diang lian	Eliminating inflammation, rheumatism	Whole plant	Vine	–	NE	1.09	33	JH-127
Apocynaceae	Marsdenia sinensis Hemsl.	牛奶菜	Ong you lai	Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, heatstroke	Stem	Vine	–	NE	1.09	35	JH-151
Apocynaceae	Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem.	络石	Luo lao	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Vine	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p269	NE	0.84	30	JH-045
Aquifoliaceae	Ilex chinensis Sims	冬青	Dong men	Promote blood circulation	Bark, seed	Tree	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p107	NE	0.84	41	JH-182
Araceae	Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr.	石柑子	Lao bie gan zei	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Vine	–	NE	0.84	33	JH-185
Araceae	Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume	鞭檐犁头尖	Bian yan li tou jian	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough	Root	Herb	–	NE	1.09	16	JH-017
Araliaceae	Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch.	吴茱萸五加	Wu zhu yu heng jia	Rheumatism	Rhizome	Shrub	–	NE	0.84	39	JH-102
Araliaceae	Heteropanax fragrans (Roxb.) Seem.	幌伞枫	Huang fan jia	Rheumatism	Bark, pith	Tree	–	NE	0.83	36	JH-220
Araliaceae	Panax japonicus (T. Nees) C. A. Mey.	竹节参	Lao a shen	Nourishing, eliminating phlegm, stop bleeding, relieve pain	Rhizome	Herb	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 17	NE	1.48	15	JH-244
Araliaceae	Schefflera octophylla (Linn.) Frodin	鹅掌柴	E zhuan zhan	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, relaxing tendons, and activating collaterals	Leaf, bark	Shrub	–	NE	1.47	40	JH-081
Aristolochiaceae	Asarum sagittarioides C. F. Liang	山慈菇	Geng ci jiu	Rheumatism, relieve pain	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p32	NE	1.09	23	JH-277
Basellaceae	Basella alba L.	落葵	Luo kui	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Leaf, whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.08	37	JH-119
Berberidaceae	Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying	八角莲	Ba guo lian	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation	Rhizome	Herb	–	VU	1.08	12	JH-235
Berberidaceae	Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde	十大功劳	Jie da gong luo	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Root, stem	Shrub	–	NE	0.83	60	JH-241
Caesalpiniaceae	Bauhinia championii (Benth.) Benth.	龙须藤	Long xu mei	Rheumatism, relaxing tendons, and activating collaterals, relieve pain	Stem	Vine	–	NE	1.45	31	JH-285
Cannabinaceae	Humulus scandens (Lour.) Merr.	葎草	Lv mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.08	17	JH-226
Caprifoliaceae	Lonicera confusa (Sweet) DC.	华南忍冬	Hua nan yin dong	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Flower, stem, leaf	Vine	–	NE	0.83	56	JH-149
Caprifoliaceae	Lonicera japonica Thunb.	忍冬	Yin dong	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation	Stem	Vine	–	NE	1.08	48	JH-085
Celastraceae	Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.	南蛇藤	Nan nang mei	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism	Fruit	Vine	–	NE	1.07	34	JH-287
Celastraceae	Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz.	扶芳藤	Fu fang mei	Relaxing tendons and activating collaterals	Stem, leaf	Shrub	–	NE	1.07	53	JH-066
Celastraceae	Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.	雷公藤	Bu ong mei	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	0.80	48	JH-118
Chloranthaceae	Chloranthus fortunei (A. Gray) Solms-Laub.	丝穗金粟兰	Si sui jin su lan	Rheumatism, cold, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.39	73	JH-055
Colchicaceae	Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr.	万寿竹	Wan shou lao	Relieve cough, promote digestion	Rhizome	Herb	–	NE	1.06	40	JH-214
Commelinaceae	Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Mazz.	疣草	You mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.05	34	JH-093
Compositae	Achillea millefolium L.	蓍	Shi	Rheumatism, gynaecopathia	Leaf, flower	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p350	NE	1.04	32	JH-016
Compositae	Artemisia argyi Levl. et Van.	艾	Ai	Gynaecopathia	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.80	93	JH-005
Compositae	Artemisia capillaris Thunb.	茵陈蒿	Yin chen hao	Promote digestion, eliminating inflammation	Leaf	Herb	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 17	NE	1.02	35	JH-062
Compositae	Artemisia dubia Wall. ex Bess.	牛尾蒿	Ong dui hao	Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation	Whole plant	Herb	Tibetan medicineIp16	NE	1.25	34	JH-156
Compositae	Artemisia princeps Pamp	魁蒿	Kui hao	Rheumatism, nourishing, gynaecopathia, eliminating inflammation, stop bleeding	Leaf	Herb	–	NE	1.74	9	JH-245
Compositae	Aster tataricus L. f.	紫菀	Zi wan	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Root	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p342	NE	1.02	35	JH-003
Compositae	Centipeda minima (L.) A. Br. et Aschers.	石胡荽	Lao bie hu sui	Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, eliminating inflammation	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.24	52	JH-162
Compositae	Cirsium japonicum Fisch. ex DC.	蓟	Ji	Nourishing, gynaecopathia, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding, eliminating inflammation	Whole plant, root	Herb	–	NE	1.68	26	JH-215
Compositae	Dendranthema lavandulifolium (Fisch. ex Trautv.) Ling & Shih	甘菊	Gan ju	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.80	39	JH-166
Compositae	Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel.	菊花	Ju ban	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, improve eyesight	Flower	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p310	NE	1.24	68	JH-047
Compositae	Farfugium japonicum (L. f.) Kitam.	大吴风草	Lu wu jia mi	Gynaecopathia, relieve cough	Root	Herb	–	NE	1.01	34	JH-280
Compositae	Gerbera anandria (L.) Sch.-Bip.	大丁草	Lu ding mi	Hepatitis	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.80	43	JH-255
Compositae	Gerbera piloselloides (Linn.) Cass.	毛大丁草	Bie lu ding mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, infantile malnutrition	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.24	43	JH-223
Compositae	Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir.	田基黄	Lin ji yang	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.79	71	JH-201
Compositae	Gynura japonica (Thunb.) Juel.	菊三七	Ju fang qie	Diabetes, infantile malnutrition	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.01	46	JH-137
Compositae	Inula japonica Thunb.	旋覆花	Xuan fu ban	Infantile malnutrition	Root, leaf, flower	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p325	NE	0.79	15	JH-172
Compositae	Kalimeris indica (L.) Sch. -Bip.	马兰	Ma lan	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.00	38	JH-188
Compositae	Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don	千里光	Qian lei guang	Skin disease, improve eyesight, heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p33	NE	1.22	63	JH-076
Convolvulaceae	Cuscuta chinensis Lam.	菟丝子	Tu si zei	Nourishing	Seed	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p309	NE	0.78	21	JH-286
Convolvulaceae	Dichondra repens Forst.	马蹄金	Ma dei jin	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.78	51	JH-270
Crassulaceae	Sedum emarginatum Migo	凹叶景天	Ao nong jing lu	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding, hepatitis	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.21	67	JH-123
Crassulaceae	Sedum kamtschaticum Fisch.	堪察加景天	Kan cha jia jing lu	Eliminating inflammation, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.21	2	JH-242
Cruciferae	Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern.	蔊菜	Han cai	Stop bleeding, relieve cough	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p624	NE	1.00	43	JH-092
Cucurbitaceae	Hemsleya macrosperma C. Y. Wu ex C. Y. Wu et C. L. Chen	罗锅底	Luo ceng di	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, gastrointestinal disease	Tuber	Vine	–	NE	0.99	37	JH-283
Cucurbitaceae	Thladiantha dubia Bunge	赤瓟	Chi bo	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, relieve cough	Fruit, root	Shrub	–	NE	1.21	18	JH-187
Drynaria	Pseudodrynaria coronans (Wall. ex Mett.) Ching	崖姜	Ya su	Rheumatism, nourishing, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals	Rhizome	Fern	–	NE	1.37	63	JH-183
Equisetaceae	Equisetum arvense L.	问荆	Nai jin	Stop bleeding	Whole plant	Fern	–	NE	0.77	25	JH-289
Equisetaceae	Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. subsp. debile (Roxb. ex Vauch.) Hauke	笔管草	Ba gu mi	Improve eyesight, induce diuresis	Whole plant	Fern	–	NE	0.97	42	JH-197
Euphorbiaceae	Glochidion puberum (L.) Hutch.	算盘子	Fu bian zei	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion, promote blood circulation	Root	Shrub	–	NE	1.20	39	JH-091
Fabaceae	Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot	美丽鸡血藤	Hao zui jia jiang mei	Nourishing, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals	Root	Vine	–	NE	1.37	38	JH-269
Fabaceae	Desmodium multiflorum DC.	饿蚂蝗	E ma huang	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, infantile malnutrition	Flower, branch	Shrub	–	NE	0.97	36	JH-144
Fabaceae	Entada phaseoloides (Linn.) Merr.	榼藤	Ke mei	Rheumatism, nourishing, promote blood circulation	Stem	Vine	–	NE	1.20	15	JH-143
Fabaceae	Flemingia philippinensis Merr. et Rolfe	千斤拔	Qin jiang ben	Nourishing	Root	Shrub	–	NE	0.77	51	JH-012
Fabaceae	Gleditsia sinensis Lam.	皂荚	Zao jia	Eliminate phlegm, induce diuresis	Pod, seed, shoot thorn	Tree	–	NE	0.95	42	JH-256
Fabaceae	Indigofera decora Lindl. var. ichangensis (Craib) Y. Y. Fang et C. Z. Zheng	宜昌木蓝	Yi chang mu lan	High fever	Root	Shrub	–	NE	0.77	42	JH-080
Fabaceae	Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl.	鸡眼草	Jia mu jin mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, promote digestion	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.19	67	JH-290
Fabaceae	Lespedeza cuneata G. Don	截叶铁扫帚	Jie nong li bu. gan dao	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, improve eyesight, infantile malnutrition	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	1.19	18	JH-292
Gramineae	Lophatherum gracile Brongn.	淡竹叶	Cuan lao nong	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough, induce diuresis	Root	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p328	NE	1.19	72	JH-243
Gramineae	Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.	狼尾草	Lang dui mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.95	28	JH-106
Gramineae	Saccharum spontaneum L.	甜根子草	Gan mi zei mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, cold, relieve cough	Rhizome, stem	Herb	–	NE	1.18	57	JH-276
Guttiferae	Hypericum japonicum Thunb. ex Murray	地耳草	Dao mu nong mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, promote digestion	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p198	NE	1.18	42	JH-189
Guttiferae	Hypericum monogynum L.	金丝桃	Jin si tao	Rheumatism, relieve cough, stomachache	Root	Shrub	–	NE	1.18	48	JH-140
Guttiferae	Hypericum sampsonii Hance	元宝草	Yuan bao mi	Gynaecopathia, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p79	NE	1.37	52	JH-131
Juncaceae	Juncus effusus L.	灯心草	Dang fin mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, respiratory disease, relieve cough	Spith	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p147	NE	1.36	60	JH-262
Labiatae	Leonurus artemisia (Laur.) S. Y. Hu	益母草	Yi mu cao	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p290	NE	0.77	67	JH-075
Labiatae	Lycopus lucidus Turcz.	地笋	Dao bia	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.76	38	JH-033
Labiatae	Mosla chinensis Maxim.	石香薷	Shi xiang ru	Heatstroke	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.76	9	JH-019
Labiatae	Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Kassk.	珍珠菜	Zhen zhu lai	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.74	40	JH-239
Labiatae	Prunella vulgaris L.	夏枯草	Xia ku cao	Improve eyesight, promote blood circulation	Fruit cluster, flower	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p280	NE	0.74	67	JH-179
Labiatae	Scutellaria barbata D. Don	半枝莲	Dan zhi lian	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, cold	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p118	NE	1.18	36	JH-042
Lauraceae	Cinnamomum appelianum Schewe	毛桂	Mao gui	Rheumatism	Bark, root	Tree	–	NE	0.73	42	JH-088
Liliaceae	Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge	知母	Zei ma	Promote digestion, gynaecopathia	Rhizome	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p212	NE	0.94	13	JH-113
Liliaceae	Aspidistra elatior Blume	蜘蛛抱蛋	Geng you luo jiao	Nourishing, promote blood circulation, relieve cough	Rhizome	Herb	–	NE	0.94	62	JH-174
Liliaceae	Aspidistra retusa K. Y. Lang et S. Z. Huang	广西蜘蛛抱蛋	Jiang fai geng you luo jiao	Nourishing, promote blood circulation, relieve cough	Rhizome	Herb	–	NE	0.93	37	JH-130
Liliaceae	Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang	阔叶山麦冬	Jiag nong geng me dong	Nourishing	Tuber	Herb	–	NE	0.73	59	JH-271
Liliaceae	Ophiopogon bodinieri Levl.	沿阶草	Yan gai mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Tuber	Herb	–	NE	0.72	57	JH-069
Liliaceae	Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker-Gawl.	麦冬	Me dong	Nourishing	Tuber	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p155	NE	0.72	61	JH-217
Liliaceae	Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. ex Redoute	黄精	Yang jing	Nourishing	Rhizome	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p306	NE	0.71	59	JH-236
Liliaceae	Reineckia carnea (Andr.) Kunth	吉祥草	Ji xiang mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.93	59	JH-251
Loranthaceae	Viscum articulatum Burm. f.	扁枝槲寄生	Bian zhi hu ji sheng	Rheumatism, respiratory disease, promote blood circulation	Branch, leaf	Shrub	–	NE	1.18	49	JH-211
Loranthaceae	Viscum diospyrosicolum Hayata	棱枝槲寄生	Shi ji sheng	Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals	Whole plant	Phytoparasite	–	NE	1.60	43	JH-111
Loranthaceae	Viscum liquidambaricolum Hayata	枫香槲寄生	Feng xiang hu ji sheng	Rheumatism, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, promote blood circulation, resolve phlegm to relieve cough	Branch, leaf	Phytoparasite	–	NE	1.60	37	JH-107
Lycopodoaceae	Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub	扁枝石松	Bian zhi shi song	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.68	65	JH-297
Lygodiaceae	Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.	海金沙	Hai jin sha	Induce diuresis, calculus, rheumatism	Spore, whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p294	NE	1.17	59	JH-216
Lythraceae	Lythrum salicaria L.	千屈菜	Qin qu lai	Infantile malnutrition, stop bleeding	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.93	13	JH-148
Lythraceae	Rotala rotundifolia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Koehne	圆叶节节菜	Jun nong a a lai	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.67	33	JH-272
Melastomataceae	Melastoma dodecandrum Lour.	地菍	Dao nian	Promote digestion	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	0.67	71	JH-263
Melastomataceae	Memecylon scutellatum (Lour.) Hook. et Arn.	细叶谷木	Fai nong cu diang	Heart disease	Flower	Shrub	–	NE	0.67	4	JH-157
Melastomataceae	Osbeckia opipara C. Y. Wu et C. Chen	朝天罐	Chao lu guan	Eliminating inflammation, promote digestion, heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding	Whole plant, root	Shrub	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p574	NE	1.34	42	JH-115
Menispermaceae	Stephania cepharantha Hayata	金线吊乌龟	Jin sui di wu gui	Eliminating inflammation	Tuber	Vine	–	NE	0.66	39	JH-168
Menispermaceae	Stephania lincangensis Lo et M. Yang	临沧地不容	Lin cang dao en rong	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, relieve pain	Tuber	Vine	–	NE	1.17	3	JH-053
Menispermaceae	Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep.	青牛胆	Men ong dan	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, relieve pain	Tuber	Vine	–	NE	1.16	46	JH-231
Moraceae	Ficus pumila Linn.	薜荔	Xue li	Nourishing, rheumatism	Fruit	Shrub	–	NE	0.92	40	JH-002
Musaceae	Musa basjoo Sieb. & Zucc.	芭蕉	Ba jiao	Heart disease	Flower	Herb	–	NE	0.65	26	JH-006
Myrsinaceae	Ardisia affinis Hemsl.	细罗伞	Fai luo fan	Promote blood circulation	Root	Shrub	–	NE	0.63	56	JH-095
Myrsinaceae	Ardisia chinensis Benth.	小紫金牛	Fai zi jin ong	Promote blood circulation, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, stop bleeding	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	1.34	59	JH-001
Myrsinaceae	Ardisia crenata Sims var. bicolor (Walker) C. Y. Wu et C. Chen	朱砂根	Zhu sha jiang	Rheumatism, respiratory disease	Whole plant	Shrub	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p138	NE	0.92	53	JH-254
Myrsinaceae	Ardisia japonica (Thunb) Blume	紫金牛	Zi jin ong	Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, cold, relieve cough	Whole plant, root	Shrub	–	NE	1.33	62	JH-121
Myrsinaceae	Embelia rudis Hand.-Mazz.	网脉酸藤子	Wang me sui mei	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	0.62	38	JH-004
Orchidaceae	Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (J. E. Smith) Lindl.	密花石豆兰	Mi ban lao bie de lan	Respiratory disease, infantile malnutrition, relax tendons and activate collaterals, eliminating inflammation	Whole plant	Herb	–	LC	1.57	41	JH-264
Orchidaceae	Bulbophyllum pectinatum Finet	长足石豆兰	Zao da lao bie de lan	Respiratory disease, relieve cough	Whole plant	Herb	–	VU	0.91	41	JH-041
Orchidaceae	Dendrobium nobile Lindl.	石斛	Lao bie hu	Diabetes, improve eyesight, nourishing, promote digestion	Stem	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p92	VU	1.33	66	JH-101
Orchidaceae	Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo	铁皮石斛	Li lao bie hu	Stomachache	Stem	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p282		0.61	41	JH-265
Orchidaceae	Galeola lindleyana (Hook. f. et Thoms.) Rchb. f.	毛萼山珊瑚	Mao e shan shan hu	Rheumatism, headache	Whole plant	Shrub	–	LC	0.91	52	JH-058
Orchidaceae	Luisia morsei Rolfe	钗子股	Chai zi gu	Rheumatism, respiratory disease, cold, cancer	Whole plant	Herb	–	LC	1.33	13	JH-133
Orchidaceae	Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames	绶草	Shou mi	Nourishing, heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	–	LC	1.16	11	JH-122
Papaveraceae	Eomecon chionantha Hance	血水草	Jiang wen mi	Promote blood circulation	Root, rhizome	Herb	–	NE	0.59	14	JH-219
Phyllanthaceae	Phyllanthus urinaria L.	叶下珠	Nong di zhu	Improve eyesight, heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion	Whole plant, root	Herb	–	NE	1.15	69	JH-083
Pipperaceae	Piper betle L.	蒌叶	Lou nong	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, cold	Stem, leaf	Vine	–	NE	1.15	40	JH-029
Pittosporaceae	Pittosporum glabratum Lindl.	光叶海桐	Jiang nong hai tong	Tuberculosis	Seed, bark	Shrub	–	NE	0.58	40	JH-173
Polygalaceae	Polygala japonica Houtt.	瓜子金	Jin gua zei	Eliminating phlegm, heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p112	NE	0.91	38	JH-037
Polygalaceae	Polygala tenuifolia Willd.	远志	Gu zei	Nourishing, eliminating phlegm, strengthen muscles and bones	Bark	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p156	NE	1.14	39	JH-191
Polygonaceae	Fagopyrum dibotrys (D. Don) Hara	金荞麦	Jin qiao me	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, calculus	Root, rhizome	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p218	LC	1.14	52	JH-230
Polygonaceae	Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald.	何首乌	Huo shou wu	Nourishing	Tuber	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p175	NE	0.52	55	JH-192
Polypodiaceae	Lepidogrammitis drymoglossoides (Baker) Ching	抱石莲	Luo lao bie lian	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, stop bleeding	Whole plant	Fern	–	NE	1.13	54	JH-057
Polypodiaceae	Lepisorus thunbergianus (Kaulf.) Ching	瓦韦	Wa wei	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, relieve cough	Whole plant	Fern	–	NE	1.13	52	JH-116
Polypodiaceae	Microsorum fortunei (T. Moore) Ching	江南星蕨	Jiang nan xing jue	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Fern	–	NE	0.52	62	JH-059
Portulacaceae	Portulaca oleracea L.	马齿苋	Ma chi xian	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating phlegm	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p49	NE	0.91	37	JH-007
Primulaceae	Plantago asiatica L.	车前	Qi dan men	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, eliminating phlegm	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.13	69	JH-018
Ranunculaceae	Clematis henryi Oliv.	单叶铁线莲	Dan nong li sui lian	Eliminating phlegm, relieve pain, relieve cough	Root, leaf	Vine	--, c	NE	1.13	1	JH-026
Ranunculaceae	Clematis uncinata Champ.	柱果铁线莲	Zhu guo li sui lian	Rheumatism, stop bleeding, toothache, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals	Root, leaf	Vine	–	NE	1.32	1	JH-155
Rhamnaceae	Rhamnus crenata Sieb. et Zucc.	长叶冻绿	Nong da dong lu	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	0.48	2	JH-071
Rhamnaceae	Rhamnus globosa Bunge	圆叶鼠李	Jun nong na jun li	Heat-clearing and detoxifying	Fruit	Shrub	–	NE	0.47	9	JH-273
Rhamnaceae	Sageretia thea (Osbeck) Johnst.	雀梅藤	Que mei mei	Eliminating phlegm, rheumatism	Aerial part	Shrub	–	NE	0.47	41	JH-198
Rosaceae	Geum aleppicum Jacq.	路边青	Jiao leng men	Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve pain	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.13	60	JH-100
Rosaceae	Potentilla discolor Bge.	翻白草	Bian bei mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding, diabetes	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p383	NE	1.12	45	JH-190
Rosaceae	Sanguisorba officinalis L.	地榆	Di yu	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding, relieve pain	Root	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p126	NE	1.11	35	JH-209
Rubiaceae	Damnacanthus indicus Gaertn.	虎刺	Hu ci	Infantile malnutrition, nourishing, relieve pain, cold, hepatitis	Whole plant	Shrub	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p341	NE	1.29	72	JH-234
Rubiaceae	Hedyotis auricularia L.	耳草	Tu nong mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion, relieve cough, cold, promote blood circulation	Leaf	Herb	–	NE	1.54	62	JH-206
Rubiaceae	Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr.	鸡矢藤	Jia gai mei	Rheumatism, promote digest, heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Vine	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p312	NE	1.11	31	JH-074
Rubiaceae	Serissa serissoides (DC.) Druce	白马骨	Bei ma mei	Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relax tendons and activate collaterals	Whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	1.11	60	JH-051
Saururaceae	Houttuynia cordata Thunb	蕺菜	Ji lai	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, respiratory disease, heatstroke	Root, leaf	Herb	–	NE	1.11	9	JH-089
Saururaceae	Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill.	三白草	Bu bei mi	Gynaecopathia	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p12	NE	0.46	65	JH-061
Saxifragaceae	Astilbe rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don	溪畔落新妇	Xi pan luo xin fu	Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, relieve pain, promote digestion	Rhizome	Herb	–	NE	1.29	16	JH-032
Stachyuraceae	Stachyurus chinensis Franch.	中国旌节花	Zhong guo sheng jie hua	Gynaecopathia, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, induce diuresis	Pith	Shrub	–	NE	1.29	35	JH-068
Stemonaceae	Stemona tuberosa Lour.	大百部	Dong bei bo	Respiratory disease	Tuber	Vine	–	NE	0.45	78	JH-281
Sterculiaceae	Pterospermum heterophyllum Hance	翻白叶树	Bian bei nong diang	Rheumatism, relax tendons and activate collaterals, relieve pain	Whole plant	Tree	–	NE	1.11	39	JH-109
Taccaceae	Schizocapsa plantaginea Hance	裂果薯	Nong hu duai	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, stop bleeding	Rhizome	Herb	–	NE	1.11	54	JH-011
Trilliaceae	Paris polyphylla Sm.	七叶一枝花	Qi ye yi zhi hua	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough	Rhizome	Herb	–		0.91	30	JH-260
Umbelliferae	Bupleurum chinense DC.	北柴胡	Bei chai hu	Eliminating inflammation, heat-clearing and detoxifying, cold, fever	Root	Herb	–	NE	1.28	31	JH-030
Umbelliferae	Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.	天胡荽	Tian hu sui	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digest, infantile malnutrition	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.10	69	JH-060
Umbelliferae	Peucedanum guangxiense Shan et Sheh	广西前胡	Jiang fai qian hu	Cold, rheumatism	Root	Herb	–	NE	0.90	36	JH-024
Umbelliferae	Sanicula chinensis Bunge	变豆菜	Ben de lai	Relieve cough, promote digestion, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	1.28	19	JH-025
Urticaceae	Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich.	苎麻	Zhu ma	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, stop bleeding, nourishing	Rhizome, leaf	Shrub	–	NE	1.26	33	JH-291
Urticaceae	Parietaria micrantha Ledeb.	墙草	Jiong mi	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.90	9	JH-099
Urticaceae	Pilea cavaleriei Levl.	波缘冷水花	Bo yuan wen nan ban	Relieve cough, heat-clearing and detoxifying	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.90	41	JH-194
Urticaceae	Pilea cavaleriei Levl. subsp. valida C. J. Chen	石油菜	Lao bie you lai	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve pain	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.90	37	JH-063
Usneaceae	Usnea diffracta (Vain.) Articus	松萝	Song luo	Rheumatism	Whole plant	Thallus	Uygur medicine p49	NE	0.33	71	JH-147
Verbenaceae	Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer var. simplex Moldenke	臭茉莉	Zui mo li	Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, relieve pain, heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion	Root, leaf, whole plant	Shrub	–	NE	1.52	46	JH-164
Verbenaceae	Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz.	大青	Dong qin	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism	Root, leaf	Shrub	–	NE	0.89	51	JH-142
Verbenaceae	Verbena officinalis L.	马鞭草	Ma bian mi	Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, eliminating inflammation	Whole plant	Herb	Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p52	NE	1.25	45	JH-135
Violaceae	Viola inconspicua Blume	长萼堇菜	Da e jin lai	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation	Whole plant	Herb	–	NE	0.89	10	JH-252
Vitaceae	Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand.-Mazz.) W. T. Wang	显齿蛇葡萄	Xian chi nan pu tao	Respiratory disease, heat-clearing and detoxifying, hypertension	Stem, leaf	Vine	–	NE	1.10	46	JH-120
Vitaceae	Cayratia japonica (Thunb.) Gagnep.	乌蔹莓	Wu lian mei	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis	Whole plant	Vine	–	NE	0.88	39	JH-108
Vitaceae	Euphorbia humifusa Willd. ex Schlecht.	地锦	Dao jin	Rheumatism, promote blood circulation	Root, stem, fruit	Vine	–	NE	0.88	9	JH-266
Xanthorrhoeaceae	Hemerocallis citrina Baroni	黄花菜	Yang ban lai	Heat-clearing and detoxifying, nourishing	Root, flower	Herb	–	NE	0.87	19	JH-090

VU vulnerable, LC least concern, NE not evaluated

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