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Table 1 Characteristic features of the buffer zone villages situated along an elevational gradient in Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, India.

From: Wild leafy vegetables: A study of their subsistence dietetic support to the inhabitants of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, India

Parameter

Lower

Middle

Higher

Altitude (m)

1900–2400

2400–2800

2800–3600

Transhumance

Not practiced

Practiced (short migration)

Practiced

Cropping pattern

3 crops per 2 years

3 crops per 2 years

1 crop per year

Distance from NDBR core zone (km)

5–8

3–4

<1.2

Main occupation

Agriculture

Agriculture

Agriculture

Subsidiary occupation

Animal Husbandry

Animal Husbandry

Animal Husbandry

Horticultural trees

Present

Present

Present

Number of cultivated agricultural crops

14

12

10

Number of cultivated medicinal plant species

3

4

4

Land under traditional crops (ha)

105

61

107

Land under medicinal plants (ha)

2.12

3.49

5.79

Total arable land (ha)

107.12

64.49

112.79

Name of the villages

Lata, Reni and Peng

Tolma, Suki, Bhallagaon, Phagti and Laung

Malari, Dronagiri Garpak and Niti